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-<title>Examples</title>
-<para>In this section we would like to present some examples for using the DVB API.
-</para>
-<para>NOTE: This section is out of date, and the code below won't even
- compile. Please refer to the
- <ulink url="https://linuxtv.org/docs/libdvbv5/index.html">libdvbv5</ulink>
- for updated/recommended examples.
-</para>
-
-<section id="tuning">
-<title>Tuning</title>
-<para>We will start with a generic tuning subroutine that uses the frontend and SEC, as well as
-the demux devices. The example is given for QPSK tuners, but can easily be adjusted for
-QAM.
-</para>
-<programlisting>
- #include &#x003C;sys/ioctl.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;stdio.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;stdint.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;sys/types.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;sys/stat.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;fcntl.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;time.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;unistd.h&#x003E;
-
- #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/dmx.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/frontend.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/sec.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;sys/poll.h&#x003E;
-
- #define DMX "/dev/dvb/adapter0/demux1"
- #define FRONT "/dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend1"
- #define SEC "/dev/dvb/adapter0/sec1"
-
- /&#x22C6; routine for checking if we have a signal and other status information&#x22C6;/
- int FEReadStatus(int fd, fe_status_t &#x22C6;stat)
- {
- int ans;
-
- if ( (ans = ioctl(fd,FE_READ_STATUS,stat) &#x003C; 0)){
- perror("FE READ STATUS: ");
- return -1;
- }
-
- if (&#x22C6;stat &amp; FE_HAS_POWER)
- printf("FE HAS POWER\n");
-
- if (&#x22C6;stat &amp; FE_HAS_SIGNAL)
- printf("FE HAS SIGNAL\n");
-
- if (&#x22C6;stat &amp; FE_SPECTRUM_INV)
- printf("SPEKTRUM INV\n");
-
- return 0;
- }
-
-
- /&#x22C6; tune qpsk &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; freq: frequency of transponder &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; vpid, apid, tpid: PIDs of video, audio and teletext TS packets &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; diseqc: DiSEqC address of the used LNB &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; pol: Polarisation &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; srate: Symbol Rate &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; fec. FEC &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; lnb_lof1: local frequency of lower LNB band &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; lnb_lof2: local frequency of upper LNB band &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; lnb_slof: switch frequency of LNB &#x22C6;/
-
- int set_qpsk_channel(int freq, int vpid, int apid, int tpid,
- int diseqc, int pol, int srate, int fec, int lnb_lof1,
- int lnb_lof2, int lnb_slof)
- {
- struct secCommand scmd;
- struct secCmdSequence scmds;
- struct dmx_pes_filter_params pesFilterParams;
- FrontendParameters frp;
- struct pollfd pfd[1];
- FrontendEvent event;
- int demux1, demux2, demux3, front;
-
- frequency = (uint32_t) freq;
- symbolrate = (uint32_t) srate;
-
- if((front = open(FRONT,O_RDWR)) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("FRONTEND DEVICE: ");
- return -1;
- }
-
- if((sec = open(SEC,O_RDWR)) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("SEC DEVICE: ");
- return -1;
- }
-
- if (demux1 &#x003C; 0){
- if ((demux1=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
- &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
- return -1;
- }
- }
-
- if (demux2 &#x003C; 0){
- if ((demux2=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
- &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
- return -1;
- }
- }
-
- if (demux3 &#x003C; 0){
- if ((demux3=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
- &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
- return -1;
- }
- }
-
- if (freq &#x003C; lnb_slof) {
- frp.Frequency = (freq - lnb_lof1);
- scmds.continuousTone = SEC_TONE_OFF;
- } else {
- frp.Frequency = (freq - lnb_lof2);
- scmds.continuousTone = SEC_TONE_ON;
- }
- frp.Inversion = INVERSION_AUTO;
- if (pol) scmds.voltage = SEC_VOLTAGE_18;
- else scmds.voltage = SEC_VOLTAGE_13;
-
- scmd.type=0;
- scmd.u.diseqc.addr=0x10;
- scmd.u.diseqc.cmd=0x38;
- scmd.u.diseqc.numParams=1;
- scmd.u.diseqc.params[0] = 0xF0 | ((diseqc &#x22C6; 4) &amp; 0x0F) |
- (scmds.continuousTone == SEC_TONE_ON ? 1 : 0) |
- (scmds.voltage==SEC_VOLTAGE_18 ? 2 : 0);
-
- scmds.miniCommand=SEC_MINI_NONE;
- scmds.numCommands=1;
- scmds.commands=&amp;scmd;
- if (ioctl(sec, SEC_SEND_SEQUENCE, &amp;scmds) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("SEC SEND: ");
- return -1;
- }
-
- if (ioctl(sec, SEC_SEND_SEQUENCE, &amp;scmds) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("SEC SEND: ");
- return -1;
- }
-
- frp.u.qpsk.SymbolRate = srate;
- frp.u.qpsk.FEC_inner = fec;
-
- if (ioctl(front, FE_SET_FRONTEND, &amp;frp) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("QPSK TUNE: ");
- return -1;
- }
-
- pfd[0].fd = front;
- pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
-
- if (poll(pfd,1,3000)){
- if (pfd[0].revents &amp; POLLIN){
- printf("Getting QPSK event\n");
- if ( ioctl(front, FE_GET_EVENT, &amp;event)
-
- == -EOVERFLOW){
- perror("qpsk get event");
- return -1;
- }
- printf("Received ");
- switch(event.type){
- case FE_UNEXPECTED_EV:
- printf("unexpected event\n");
- return -1;
- case FE_FAILURE_EV:
- printf("failure event\n");
- return -1;
-
- case FE_COMPLETION_EV:
- printf("completion event\n");
- }
- }
- }
-
-
- pesFilterParams.pid = vpid;
- pesFilterParams.input = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
- pesFilterParams.output = DMX_OUT_DECODER;
- pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_VIDEO;
- pesFilterParams.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
- if (ioctl(demux1, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("set_vpid");
- return -1;
- }
-
- pesFilterParams.pid = apid;
- pesFilterParams.input = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
- pesFilterParams.output = DMX_OUT_DECODER;
- pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_AUDIO;
- pesFilterParams.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
- if (ioctl(demux2, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("set_apid");
- return -1;
- }
-
- pesFilterParams.pid = tpid;
- pesFilterParams.input = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
- pesFilterParams.output = DMX_OUT_DECODER;
- pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_TELETEXT;
- pesFilterParams.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
- if (ioctl(demux3, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("set_tpid");
- return -1;
- }
-
- return has_signal(fds);
- }
-
-</programlisting>
-<para>The program assumes that you are using a universal LNB and a standard DiSEqC
-switch with up to 4 addresses. Of course, you could build in some more checking if
-tuning was successful and maybe try to repeat the tuning process. Depending on the
-external hardware, i.e. LNB and DiSEqC switch, and weather conditions this may be
-necessary.
-</para>
-</section>
-
-<section id="the_dvr_device">
-<title>The DVR device</title>
-<para>The following program code shows how to use the DVR device for recording.
-</para>
-<programlisting>
- #include &#x003C;sys/ioctl.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;stdio.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;stdint.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;sys/types.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;sys/stat.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;fcntl.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;time.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;unistd.h&#x003E;
-
- #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/dmx.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;linux/dvb/video.h&#x003E;
- #include &#x003C;sys/poll.h&#x003E;
- #define DVR "/dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr1"
- #define AUDIO "/dev/dvb/adapter0/audio1"
- #define VIDEO "/dev/dvb/adapter0/video1"
-
- #define BUFFY (188&#x22C6;20)
- #define MAX_LENGTH (1024&#x22C6;1024&#x22C6;5) /&#x22C6; record 5MB &#x22C6;/
-
-
- /&#x22C6; switch the demuxes to recording, assuming the transponder is tuned &#x22C6;/
-
- /&#x22C6; demux1, demux2: file descriptor of video and audio filters &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; vpid, apid: PIDs of video and audio channels &#x22C6;/
-
- int switch_to_record(int demux1, int demux2, uint16_t vpid, uint16_t apid)
- {
- struct dmx_pes_filter_params pesFilterParams;
-
- if (demux1 &#x003C; 0){
- if ((demux1=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
- &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
- return -1;
- }
- }
-
- if (demux2 &#x003C; 0){
- if ((demux2=open(DMX, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK))
- &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DEMUX DEVICE: ");
- return -1;
- }
- }
-
- pesFilterParams.pid = vpid;
- pesFilterParams.input = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
- pesFilterParams.output = DMX_OUT_TS_TAP;
- pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_VIDEO;
- pesFilterParams.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
- if (ioctl(demux1, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DEMUX DEVICE");
- return -1;
- }
- pesFilterParams.pid = apid;
- pesFilterParams.input = DMX_IN_FRONTEND;
- pesFilterParams.output = DMX_OUT_TS_TAP;
- pesFilterParams.pes_type = DMX_PES_AUDIO;
- pesFilterParams.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START;
- if (ioctl(demux2, DMX_SET_PES_FILTER, &amp;pesFilterParams) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DEMUX DEVICE");
- return -1;
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
- /&#x22C6; start recording MAX_LENGTH , assuming the transponder is tuned &#x22C6;/
-
- /&#x22C6; demux1, demux2: file descriptor of video and audio filters &#x22C6;/
- /&#x22C6; vpid, apid: PIDs of video and audio channels &#x22C6;/
- int record_dvr(int demux1, int demux2, uint16_t vpid, uint16_t apid)
- {
- int i;
- int len;
- int written;
- uint8_t buf[BUFFY];
- uint64_t length;
- struct pollfd pfd[1];
- int dvr, dvr_out;
-
- /&#x22C6; open dvr device &#x22C6;/
- if ((dvr = open(DVR, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("DVR DEVICE");
- return -1;
- }
-
- /&#x22C6; switch video and audio demuxes to dvr &#x22C6;/
- printf ("Switching dvr on\n");
- i = switch_to_record(demux1, demux2, vpid, apid);
- printf("finished: ");
-
- printf("Recording %2.0f MB of test file in TS format\n",
- MAX_LENGTH/(1024.0&#x22C6;1024.0));
- length = 0;
-
- /&#x22C6; open output file &#x22C6;/
- if ((dvr_out = open(DVR_FILE,O_WRONLY|O_CREAT
- |O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR
- |S_IRGRP|S_IWGRP|S_IROTH|
- S_IWOTH)) &#x003C; 0){
- perror("Can't open file for dvr test");
- return -1;
- }
-
- pfd[0].fd = dvr;
- pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
-
- /&#x22C6; poll for dvr data and write to file &#x22C6;/
- while (length &#x003C; MAX_LENGTH ) {
- if (poll(pfd,1,1)){
- if (pfd[0].revents &amp; POLLIN){
- len = read(dvr, buf, BUFFY);
- if (len &#x003C; 0){
- perror("recording");
- return -1;
- }
- if (len &#x003E; 0){
- written = 0;
- while (written &#x003C; len)
- written +=
- write (dvr_out,
- buf, len);
- length += len;
- printf("written %2.0f MB\r",
- length/1024./1024.);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
-</programlisting>
-
-</section>