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2008-04-24xen: add balloon driverJeremy Fitzhardinge
The balloon driver allows memory to be dynamically added or removed from the domain, in order to allow host memory to be balanced between multiple domains. This patch introduces the Xen balloon driver, though it currently only allows a domain to be shrunk from its initial size (and re-grown back to that size). A later patch will add the ability to grow a domain beyond its initial size. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen pvfb: Para-virtual framebuffer, keyboard and pointer driverMarkus Armbruster
This is a pair of Xen para-virtual frontend device drivers: drivers/video/xen-fbfront.c provides a framebuffer, and drivers/input/xen-kbdfront provides keyboard and mouse. The backends run in dom0 user space. The two drivers are not in two separate patches, because the intermediate step (one driver, not the other) is somewhat problematic: the backend in dom0 needs both drivers, and will refuse to complete device initialization unless they're both present. Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen blkfront: Delay wait for block devices until after the disk is addedChristian Limpach
When the xen block frontend driver is built as a module the module load is only synchronous up to the point where the frontend and the backend become connected rather than when the disk is added. This means that there can be a race on boot between loading the module and loading the dm-* modules and doing the scan for LVM physical volumes (all in the initrd). In the failure case the disk is not present until after the scan for physical volumes is complete. Taken from: http://xenbits.xensource.com/linux-2.6.18-xen.hg?rev/11483a00c017 Signed-off-by: Christian Limpach <Christian.Limpach@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: Make xen-blkfront write its protocol ABI to xenstoreMarkus Armbruster
Frontends are expected to write their protocol ABI to xenstore. Since the protocol ABI defaults to the backend's native ABI, things work fine without that as long as the frontend's native ABI is identical to the backend's native ABI. This is not the case for xen-blkfront running 32-on-64, because its ABI differs between 32 and 64 bit, and thus needs this fix. Based on http://xenbits.xensource.com/xen-unstable.hg?rev/c545932a18f3 and http://xenbits.xensource.com/xen-unstable.hg?rev/ffe52263b430 by Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <Jeremy.Fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: import arch generic part of xencommIsaku Yamahata
On xen/ia64 and xen/powerpc hypercall arguments are passed by pseudo physical address (guest physical address) so that it's necessary to convert from virtual address into pseudo physical address. The frame work is called xencomm. Import arch generic part of xencomm. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: make grant table arch portableIsaku Yamahata
split out x86 specific part from grant-table.c and allow ia64/xen specific initialization. ia64/xen grant table is based on pseudo physical address (guest physical address) unlike x86/xen. On ia64 init_mm doesn't map identity straight mapped area. ia64/xen specific grant table initialization is necessary. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: replace callers of alloc_vm_area()/free_vm_area() with xen_ prefixed oneIsaku Yamahata
Don't use alloc_vm_area()/free_vm_area() directly, instead define xen_alloc_vm_area()/xen_free_vm_area() and use them. alloc_vm_area()/free_vm_area() are used to allocate/free area which are for grant table mapping. Xen/x86 grant table is based on virtual address so that alloc_vm_area()/free_vm_area() are suitable. On the other hand Xen/ia64 (and Xen/powerpc) grant table is based on pseudo physical address (guest physical address) so that allocation should be done differently. The original version of xenified Linux/IA64 have its own allocate_vm_area()/free_vm_area() definitions which don't allocate vm area contradictory to those names. Now vanilla Linux already has its definitions so that it's impossible to have IA64 definitions of allocate_vm_area()/free_vm_area(). Instead introduce xen_allocate_vm_area()/xen_free_vm_area() and use them. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: make include/xen/page.h portable moving those definitions under asm dirIsaku Yamahata
The definitions in include/asm/xen/page.h are arch specific. ia64/xen wants to define its own version. So move them to arch specific directory and keep include/xen/page.h in order not to break compilation. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: add resend_irq_on_evtchn() definition into events.cIsaku Yamahata
Define resend_irq_on_evtchn() which ia64/xen uses. Although it isn't used by current x86/xen code, it's arch generic so that put it into common code. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24Xen: make events.c portable for ia64/xen supportIsaku Yamahata
Remove x86 dependency in drivers/xen/events.c for ia64/xen support introducing include/asm/xen/events.h. Introduce xen_irqs_disabled() to hide regs->flags Introduce xen_do_IRQ() to hide regs->orig_ax. make enum ipi_vector definition arch specific. ia64/xen needs four vectors. Add one rmb() because on ia64 xchg() isn't barrier. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: move events.c to drivers/xen for IA64/Xen supportIsaku Yamahata
move arch/x86/xen/events.c undedr drivers/xen to share codes with x86 and ia64. And minor adjustment to compile. ia64/xen also uses events.c Signed-off-by: Yaozu (Eddie) Dong <eddie.dong@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: add missing definitions in include/xen/interface/vcpu.h which ia64/xen ↵Isaku Yamahata
needs Add xen handles realted definitions for xen vcpu which ia64/xen needs. Pointer argumsnts for ia64/xen hypercall are passed in pseudo physical address (guest physical address) so that it is required to convert guest kernel virtual address into pseudo physical address. The xen guest handle represents such arguments. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: add missing definitions for xen grant table which ia64/xen needsIsaku Yamahata
Add xen handles realted definitions for grant table which ia64/xen needs. Pointer argumsnts for ia64/xen hypercall are passed in pseudo physical address (guest physical address) so that it is required to convert guest kernel virtual address into pseudo physical address right before issuing hypercall. The xen guest handle represents such arguments. Define necessary handles and helper functions. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: definitions which ia64/xen needsIsaku Yamahata
Add xen VIRQ numbers defined for arch specific use. ia64/xen domU uses VIRQ_ARCH_0 for virtual itc timer. Although all those constants aren't used yet by ia64 at this moment, add all arch specific VIRQ numbers. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: definisions which ia64 needsIsaku Yamahata
Add xen hypercall numbers defined for arch specific use. ia64/xen domU uses __HYPERVISOR_arch_1 to manipulate paravirtualized IOSAPIC. Although all those constants aren't used yet by IA64 at this moment, add all arch specific hypercall numbers. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: add support for callbackops hypercallJeremy Fitzhardinge
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: unify pte operations on machine framesJeremy Fitzhardinge
Xen's pte operations on mfns can be unified like the kernel's pfn operations. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: use phys_addr_t when referring to physical addressesJeremy Fitzhardinge
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-01-30x86: page.h: make pte_t a union to always includeJeremy Fitzhardinge
Make sure pte_t, whatever its definition, has a pte element with type pteval_t. This allows common code to access it without needing to be specifically parameterised on what pagetable mode we're compiling for. For 32-bit, this means that pte_t becomes a union with "pte" and "{ pte_low, pte_high }" (PAE) or just "pte_low" (non-PAE). Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2007-10-16xen: fix incorrect vcpu_register_vcpu_info hypercall argumentJeremy Fitzhardinge
The kernel's copy of struct vcpu_register_vcpu_info was out of date, at best causing the hypercall to fail and the guest kernel to fall back to the old mechanism, or worse, causing random memory corruption. [ Stable folks: applies to 2.6.23 ] Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Cc: Stable Kernel <stable@kernel.org> Cc: Morten =?utf-8?q?B=C3=B8geskov?= <xen-users@morten.bogeskov.dk> Cc: Mark Williamson <mark.williamson@cl.cam.ac.uk>
2007-07-26xen: xen/page.h compile fixJeremy Fitzhardinge
Fix: linux/include/xen/page.h: In function mfn_pte: linux/include/xen/page.h:149: error: __supported_pte_mask undeclared (first use in this function) linux/include/xen/page.h:149: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once linux/include/xen/page.h:149: error: for each function it appears in.) Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-18xen: Place vcpu_info structure into per-cpu memoryJeremy Fitzhardinge
An experimental patch for Xen allows guests to place their vcpu_info structs anywhere. We try to use this to place the vcpu_info into the PDA, which allows direct access. If this works, then switch to using direct access operations for irq_enable, disable, save_fl and restore_fl. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Keir Fraser <keir@xensource.com>
2007-07-18xen: add the Xenbus sysfs and virtual device hotplug driverJeremy Fitzhardinge
This communicates with the machine control software via a registry residing in a controlling virtual machine. This allows dynamic creation, destruction and modification of virtual device configurations (network devices, block devices and CPUS, to name some examples). [ Greg, would you mind giving this a review? Thanks -J ] Signed-off-by: Ian Pratt <ian.pratt@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Christian Limpach <Christian.Limpach@cl.cam.ac.uk> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
2007-07-18xen: Add grant table supportJeremy Fitzhardinge
Add Xen 'grant table' driver which allows granting of access to selected local memory pages by other virtual machines and, symmetrically, the mapping of remote memory pages which other virtual machines have granted access to. This driver is a prerequisite for many of the Xen virtual device drivers, which grant the 'device driver domain' restricted and temporary access to only those memory pages that are currently involved in I/O operations. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Ian Pratt <ian.pratt@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Christian Limpach <Christian.Limpach@cl.cam.ac.uk> Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
2007-07-18xen: use the hvc console infrastructure for Xen consoleJeremy Fitzhardinge
Implement a Xen back-end for hvc console. * * * Add early printk support via hvc console, enable using "earlyprintk=xen" on the kernel command line. From: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Acked-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
2007-07-18xen: SMP guest supportJeremy Fitzhardinge
This is a fairly straightforward Xen implementation of smp_ops. Xen has its own IPI mechanisms, and has no dependency on any APIC-based IPI. The smp_ops hooks and the flush_tlb_others pv_op allow a Xen guest to avoid all APIC code in arch/i386 (the only apic operation is a single apic_read for the apic version number). One subtle point which needs to be addressed is unpinning pagetables when another cpu may have a lazy tlb reference to the pagetable. Xen will not allow an in-use pagetable to be unpinned, so we must find any other cpus with a reference to the pagetable and get them to shoot down their references. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
2007-07-18xen: event channelsJeremy Fitzhardinge
Xen implements interrupts in terms of event channels. Each guest domain gets 1024 event channels which can be used for a variety of purposes, such as Xen timer events, inter-domain events, inter-processor events (IPI) or for real hardware IRQs. Within the kernel, we map the event channels to IRQs, and implement the whole interrupt handling using a Xen irq_chip. Rather than setting NR_IRQ to 1024 under PARAVIRT in order to accomodate Xen, we create a dynamic mapping between event channels and IRQs. Ideally, Linux will eventually move towards dynamically allocating per-irq structures, and we can use a 1:1 mapping between event channels and irqs. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2007-07-18xen: Core Xen implementationJeremy Fitzhardinge
This patch is a rollup of all the core pieces of the Xen implementation, including: - booting and setup - pagetable setup - privileged instructions - segmentation - interrupt flags - upcalls - multicall batching BOOTING AND SETUP The vmlinux image is decorated with ELF notes which tell the Xen domain builder what the kernel's requirements are; the domain builder then constructs the address space accordingly and starts the kernel. Xen has its own entrypoint for the kernel (contained in an ELF note). The ELF notes are set up by xen-head.S, which is included into head.S. In principle it could be linked separately, but it seems to provoke lots of binutils bugs. Because the domain builder starts the kernel in a fairly sane state (32-bit protected mode, paging enabled, flat segments set up), there's not a lot of setup needed before starting the kernel proper. The main steps are: 1. Install the Xen paravirt_ops, which is simply a matter of a structure assignment. 2. Set init_mm to use the Xen-supplied pagetables (analogous to the head.S generated pagetables in a native boot). 3. Reserve address space for Xen, since it takes a chunk at the top of the address space for its own use. 4. Call start_kernel() PAGETABLE SETUP Once we hit the main kernel boot sequence, it will end up calling back via paravirt_ops to set up various pieces of Xen specific state. One of the critical things which requires a bit of extra care is the construction of the initial init_mm pagetable. Because Xen places tight constraints on pagetables (an active pagetable must always be valid, and must always be mapped read-only to the guest domain), we need to be careful when constructing the new pagetable to keep these constraints in mind. It turns out that the easiest way to do this is use the initial Xen-provided pagetable as a template, and then just insert new mappings for memory where a mapping doesn't already exist. This means that during pagetable setup, it uses a special version of xen_set_pte which ignores any attempt to remap a read-only page as read-write (since Xen will map its own initial pagetable as RO), but lets other changes to the ptes happen, so that things like NX are set properly. PRIVILEGED INSTRUCTIONS AND SEGMENTATION When the kernel runs under Xen, it runs in ring 1 rather than ring 0. This means that it is more privileged than user-mode in ring 3, but it still can't run privileged instructions directly. Non-performance critical instructions are dealt with by taking a privilege exception and trapping into the hypervisor and emulating the instruction, but more performance-critical instructions have their own specific paravirt_ops. In many cases we can avoid having to do any hypercalls for these instructions, or the Xen implementation is quite different from the normal native version. The privileged instructions fall into the broad classes of: Segmentation: setting up the GDT and the GDT entries, LDT, TLS and so on. Xen doesn't allow the GDT to be directly modified; all GDT updates are done via hypercalls where the new entries can be validated. This is important because Xen uses segment limits to prevent the guest kernel from damaging the hypervisor itself. Traps and exceptions: Xen uses a special format for trap entrypoints, so when the kernel wants to set an IDT entry, it needs to be converted to the form Xen expects. Xen sets int 0x80 up specially so that the trap goes straight from userspace into the guest kernel without going via the hypervisor. sysenter isn't supported. Kernel stack: The esp0 entry is extracted from the tss and provided to Xen. TLB operations: the various TLB calls are mapped into corresponding Xen hypercalls. Control registers: all the control registers are privileged. The most important is cr3, which points to the base of the current pagetable, and we handle it specially. Another instruction we treat specially is CPUID, even though its not privileged. We want to control what CPU features are visible to the rest of the kernel, and so CPUID ends up going into a paravirt_op. Xen implements this mainly to disable the ACPI and APIC subsystems. INTERRUPT FLAGS Xen maintains its own separate flag for masking events, which is contained within the per-cpu vcpu_info structure. Because the guest kernel runs in ring 1 and not 0, the IF flag in EFLAGS is completely ignored (and must be, because even if a guest domain disables interrupts for itself, it can't disable them overall). (A note on terminology: "events" and interrupts are effectively synonymous. However, rather than using an "enable flag", Xen uses a "mask flag", which blocks event delivery when it is non-zero.) There are paravirt_ops for each of cli/sti/save_fl/restore_fl, which are implemented to manage the Xen event mask state. The only thing worth noting is that when events are unmasked, we need to explicitly see if there's a pending event and call into the hypervisor to make sure it gets delivered. UPCALLS Xen needs a couple of upcall (or callback) functions to be implemented by each guest. One is the event upcalls, which is how events (interrupts, effectively) are delivered to the guests. The other is the failsafe callback, which is used to report errors in either reloading a segment register, or caused by iret. These are implemented in i386/kernel/entry.S so they can jump into the normal iret_exc path when necessary. MULTICALL BATCHING Xen provides a multicall mechanism, which allows multiple hypercalls to be issued at once in order to mitigate the cost of trapping into the hypervisor. This is particularly useful for context switches, since the 4-5 hypercalls they would normally need (reload cr3, update TLS, maybe update LDT) can be reduced to one. This patch implements a generic batching mechanism for hypercalls, which gets used in many places in the Xen code. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org> Cc: Ian Pratt <ian.pratt@xensource.com> Cc: Christian Limpach <Christian.Limpach@cl.cam.ac.uk> Cc: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
2007-07-18xen: Add Xen interface header filesJeremy Fitzhardinge
Add Xen interface header files. These are taken fairly directly from the Xen tree, but somewhat rearranged to suit the kernel's conventions. Define macros and inline functions for doing hypercalls into the hypervisor. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Ian Pratt <ian.pratt@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Christian Limpach <Christian.Limpach@cl.cam.ac.uk> Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>