summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/fs/gfs2/aops.c
blob: ce62dcac90b6ffbe8d3bbb20806a16a922291873 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
/*
 * Copyright (C) Sistina Software, Inc.  1997-2003 All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Red Hat, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use,
 * modify, copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions
 * of the GNU General Public License version 2.
 */

#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/pagevec.h>
#include <linux/mpage.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/gfs2_ondisk.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
#include <linux/aio.h>
#include <trace/events/writeback.h>

#include "gfs2.h"
#include "incore.h"
#include "bmap.h"
#include "glock.h"
#include "inode.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "meta_io.h"
#include "quota.h"
#include "trans.h"
#include "rgrp.h"
#include "super.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "glops.h"


static void gfs2_page_add_databufs(struct gfs2_inode *ip, struct page *page,
				   unsigned int from, unsigned int to)
{
	struct buffer_head *head = page_buffers(page);
	unsigned int bsize = head->b_size;
	struct buffer_head *bh;
	unsigned int start, end;

	for (bh = head, start = 0; bh != head || !start;
	     bh = bh->b_this_page, start = end) {
		end = start + bsize;
		if (end <= from || start >= to)
			continue;
		if (gfs2_is_jdata(ip))
			set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
		gfs2_trans_add_data(ip->i_gl, bh);
	}
}

/**
 * gfs2_get_block_noalloc - Fills in a buffer head with details about a block
 * @inode: The inode
 * @lblock: The block number to look up
 * @bh_result: The buffer head to return the result in
 * @create: Non-zero if we may add block to the file
 *
 * Returns: errno
 */

static int gfs2_get_block_noalloc(struct inode *inode, sector_t lblock,
				  struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
{
	int error;

	error = gfs2_block_map(inode, lblock, bh_result, 0);
	if (error)
		return error;
	if (!buffer_mapped(bh_result))
		return -EIO;
	return 0;
}

static int gfs2_get_block_direct(struct inode *inode, sector_t lblock,
				 struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
{
	return gfs2_block_map(inode, lblock, bh_result, 0);
}

/**
 * gfs2_writepage_common - Common bits of writepage
 * @page: The page to be written
 * @wbc: The writeback control
 *
 * Returns: 1 if writepage is ok, otherwise an error code or zero if no error.
 */

static int gfs2_writepage_common(struct page *page,
				 struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(inode);
	loff_t i_size = i_size_read(inode);
	pgoff_t end_index = i_size >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
	unsigned offset;

	if (gfs2_assert_withdraw(sdp, gfs2_glock_is_held_excl(ip->i_gl)))
		goto out;
	if (current->journal_info)
		goto redirty;
	/* Is the page fully outside i_size? (truncate in progress) */
	offset = i_size & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE-1);
	if (page->index > end_index || (page->index == end_index && !offset)) {
		page->mapping->a_ops->invalidatepage(page, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE);
		goto out;
	}
	return 1;
redirty:
	redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc, page);
out:
	unlock_page(page);
	return 0;
}

/**
 * gfs2_writepage - Write page for writeback mappings
 * @page: The page
 * @wbc: The writeback control
 *
 */

static int gfs2_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	int ret;

	ret = gfs2_writepage_common(page, wbc);
	if (ret <= 0)
		return ret;

	return nobh_writepage(page, gfs2_get_block_noalloc, wbc);
}

/**
 * __gfs2_jdata_writepage - The core of jdata writepage
 * @page: The page to write
 * @wbc: The writeback control
 *
 * This is shared between writepage and writepages and implements the
 * core of the writepage operation. If a transaction is required then
 * PageChecked will have been set and the transaction will have
 * already been started before this is called.
 */

static int __gfs2_jdata_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(inode);

	if (PageChecked(page)) {
		ClearPageChecked(page);
		if (!page_has_buffers(page)) {
			create_empty_buffers(page, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize,
					     (1 << BH_Dirty)|(1 << BH_Uptodate));
		}
		gfs2_page_add_databufs(ip, page, 0, sdp->sd_vfs->s_blocksize-1);
	}
	return block_write_full_page(page, gfs2_get_block_noalloc, wbc);
}

/**
 * gfs2_jdata_writepage - Write complete page
 * @page: Page to write
 *
 * Returns: errno
 *
 */

static int gfs2_jdata_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(inode);
	int ret;
	int done_trans = 0;

	if (PageChecked(page)) {
		if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_ALL)
			goto out_ignore;
		ret = gfs2_trans_begin(sdp, RES_DINODE + 1, 0);
		if (ret)
			goto out_ignore;
		done_trans = 1;
	}
	ret = gfs2_writepage_common(page, wbc);
	if (ret > 0)
		ret = __gfs2_jdata_writepage(page, wbc);
	if (done_trans)
		gfs2_trans_end(sdp);
	return ret;

out_ignore:
	redirty_page_for_writepage(wbc, page);
	unlock_page(page);
	return 0;
}

/**
 * gfs2_writepages - Write a bunch of dirty pages back to disk
 * @mapping: The mapping to write
 * @wbc: Write-back control
 *
 * Used for both ordered and writeback modes.
 */
static int gfs2_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
			   struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	return mpage_writepages(mapping, wbc, gfs2_get_block_noalloc);
}

/**
 * gfs2_write_jdata_pagevec - Write back a pagevec's worth of pages
 * @mapping: The mapping
 * @wbc: The writeback control
 * @writepage: The writepage function to call for each page
 * @pvec: The vector of pages
 * @nr_pages: The number of pages to write
 *
 * Returns: non-zero if loop should terminate, zero otherwise
 */

static int gfs2_write_jdata_pagevec(struct address_space *mapping,
				    struct writeback_control *wbc,
				    struct pagevec *pvec,
				    int nr_pages, pgoff_t end,
				    pgoff_t *done_index)
{
	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(inode);
	unsigned nrblocks = nr_pages * (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE/inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
	int i;
	int ret;

	ret = gfs2_trans_begin(sdp, nrblocks, nrblocks);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	for(i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
		struct page *page = pvec->pages[i];

		/*
		 * At this point, the page may be truncated or
		 * invalidated (changing page->mapping to NULL), or
		 * even swizzled back from swapper_space to tmpfs file
		 * mapping. However, page->index will not change
		 * because we have a reference on the page.
		 */
		if (page->index > end) {
			/*
			 * can't be range_cyclic (1st pass) because
			 * end == -1 in that case.
			 */
			ret = 1;
			break;
		}

		*done_index = page->index;

		lock_page(page);

		if (unlikely(page->mapping != mapping)) {
continue_unlock:
			unlock_page(page);
			continue;
		}

		if (!PageDirty(page)) {
			/* someone wrote it for us */
			goto continue_unlock;
		}

		if (PageWriteback(page)) {
			if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_NONE)
				wait_on_page_writeback(page);
			else
				goto continue_unlock;
		}

		BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
		if (!clear_page_dirty_for_io(page))
			goto continue_unlock;

		trace_wbc_writepage(wbc, mapping->backing_dev_info);

		ret = __gfs2_jdata_writepage(page, wbc);
		if (unlikely(ret)) {
			if (ret == AOP_WRITEPAGE_ACTIVATE) {
				unlock_page(page);
				ret = 0;
			} else {

				/*
				 * done_index is set past this page,
				 * so media errors will not choke
				 * background writeout for the entire
				 * file. This has consequences for
				 * range_cyclic semantics (ie. it may
				 * not be suitable for data integrity
				 * writeout).
				 */
				*done_index = page->index + 1;
				ret = 1;
				break;
			}
		}

		/*
		 * We stop writing back only if we are not doing
		 * integrity sync. In case of integrity sync we have to
		 * keep going until we have written all the pages
		 * we tagged for writeback prior to entering this loop.
		 */
		if (--wbc->nr_to_write <= 0 && wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_NONE) {
			ret = 1;
			break;
		}

	}
	gfs2_trans_end(sdp);
	return ret;
}

/**
 * gfs2_write_cache_jdata - Like write_cache_pages but different
 * @mapping: The mapping to write
 * @wbc: The writeback control
 * @writepage: The writepage function to call
 * @data: The data to pass to writepage
 *
 * The reason that we use our own function here is that we need to
 * start transactions before we grab page locks. This allows us
 * to get the ordering right.
 */

static int gfs2_write_cache_jdata(struct address_space *mapping,
				  struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int done = 0;
	struct pagevec pvec;
	int nr_pages;
	pgoff_t uninitialized_var(writeback_index);
	pgoff_t index;
	pgoff_t end;
	pgoff_t done_index;
	int cycled;
	int range_whole = 0;
	int tag;

	pagevec_init(&pvec, 0);
	if (wbc->range_cyclic) {
		writeback_index = mapping->writeback_index; /* prev offset */
		index = writeback_index;
		if (index == 0)
			cycled = 1;
		else
			cycled = 0;
		end = -1;
	} else {
		index = wbc->range_start >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
		end = wbc->range_end >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
		if (wbc->range_start == 0 && wbc->range_end == LLONG_MAX)
			range_whole = 1;
		cycled = 1; /* ignore range_cyclic tests */
	}
	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL || wbc->tagged_writepages)
		tag = PAGECACHE_TAG_TOWRITE;
	else
		tag = PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY;

retry:
	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL || wbc->tagged_writepages)
		tag_pages_for_writeback(mapping, index, end);
	done_index = index;
	while (!done && (index <= end)) {
		nr_pages = pagevec_lookup_tag(&pvec, mapping, &index, tag,
			      min(end - index, (pgoff_t)PAGEVEC_SIZE-1) + 1);
		if (nr_pages == 0)
			break;

		ret = gfs2_write_jdata_pagevec(mapping, wbc, &pvec, nr_pages, end, &done_index);
		if (ret)
			done = 1;
		if (ret > 0)
			ret = 0;
		pagevec_release(&pvec);
		cond_resched();
	}

	if (!cycled && !done) {
		/*
		 * range_cyclic:
		 * We hit the last page and there is more work to be done: wrap
		 * back to the start of the file
		 */
		cycled = 1;
		index = 0;
		end = writeback_index - 1;
		goto retry;
	}

	if (wbc->range_cyclic || (range_whole && wbc->nr_to_write > 0))
		mapping->writeback_index = done_index;

	return ret;
}


/**
 * gfs2_jdata_writepages - Write a bunch of dirty pages back to disk
 * @mapping: The mapping to write
 * @wbc: The writeback control
 * 
 */

static int gfs2_jdata_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
				 struct writeback_control *wbc)
{
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(mapping->host);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(mapping->host);
	int ret;

	ret = gfs2_write_cache_jdata(mapping, wbc);
	if (ret == 0 && wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL) {
		gfs2_log_flush(sdp, ip->i_gl);
		ret = gfs2_write_cache_jdata(mapping, wbc);
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 * stuffed_readpage - Fill in a Linux page with stuffed file data
 * @ip: the inode
 * @page: the page
 *
 * Returns: errno
 */

static int stuffed_readpage(struct gfs2_inode *ip, struct page *page)
{
	struct buffer_head *dibh;
	u64 dsize = i_size_read(&ip->i_inode);
	void *kaddr;
	int error;

	/*
	 * Due to the order of unstuffing files and ->fault(), we can be
	 * asked for a zero page in the case of a stuffed file being extended,
	 * so we need to supply one here. It doesn't happen often.
	 */
	if (unlikely(page->index)) {
		zero_user(page, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE);
		SetPageUptodate(page);
		return 0;
	}

	error = gfs2_meta_inode_buffer(ip, &dibh);
	if (error)
		return error;

	kaddr = kmap_atomic(page);
	if (dsize > (dibh->b_size - sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode)))
		dsize = (dibh->b_size - sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode));
	memcpy(kaddr, dibh->b_data + sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode), dsize);
	memset(kaddr + dsize, 0, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - dsize);
	kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
	flush_dcache_page(page);
	brelse(dibh);
	SetPageUptodate(page);

	return 0;
}


/**
 * __gfs2_readpage - readpage
 * @file: The file to read a page for
 * @page: The page to read
 *
 * This is the core of gfs2's readpage. Its used by the internal file
 * reading code as in that case we already hold the glock. Also its
 * called by gfs2_readpage() once the required lock has been granted.
 *
 */

static int __gfs2_readpage(void *file, struct page *page)
{
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(page->mapping->host);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(page->mapping->host);
	int error;

	if (gfs2_is_stuffed(ip)) {
		error = stuffed_readpage(ip, page);
		unlock_page(page);
	} else {
		error = mpage_readpage(page, gfs2_block_map);
	}

	if (unlikely(test_bit(SDF_SHUTDOWN, &sdp->sd_flags)))
		return -EIO;

	return error;
}

/**
 * gfs2_readpage - read a page of a file
 * @file: The file to read
 * @page: The page of the file
 *
 * This deals with the locking required. We have to unlock and
 * relock the page in order to get the locking in the right
 * order.
 */

static int gfs2_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
{
	struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(mapping->host);
	struct gfs2_holder gh;
	int error;

	unlock_page(page);
	gfs2_holder_init(ip->i_gl, LM_ST_SHARED, 0, &gh);
	error = gfs2_glock_nq(&gh);
	if (unlikely(error))
		goto out;
	error = AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE;
	lock_page(page);
	if (page->mapping == mapping && !PageUptodate(page))
		error = __gfs2_readpage(file, page);
	else
		unlock_page(page);
	gfs2_glock_dq(&gh);
out:
	gfs2_holder_uninit(&gh);
	if (error && error != AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
		lock_page(page);
	return error;
}

/**
 * gfs2_internal_read - read an internal file
 * @ip: The gfs2 inode
 * @buf: The buffer to fill
 * @pos: The file position
 * @size: The amount to read
 *
 */

int gfs2_internal_read(struct gfs2_inode *ip, char *buf, loff_t *pos,
                       unsigned size)
{
	struct address_space *mapping = ip->i_inode.i_mapping;
	unsigned long index = *pos / PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
	unsigned offset = *pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1);
	unsigned copied = 0;
	unsigned amt;
	struct page *page;
	void *p;

	do {
		amt = size - copied;
		if (offset + size > PAGE_CACHE_SIZE)
			amt = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - offset;
		page = read_cache_page(mapping, index, __gfs2_readpage, NULL);
		if (IS_ERR(page))
			return PTR_ERR(page);
		p = kmap_atomic(page);
		memcpy(buf + copied, p + offset, amt);
		kunmap_atomic(p);
		mark_page_accessed(page);
		page_cache_release(page);
		copied += amt;
		index++;
		offset = 0;
	} while(copied < size);
	(*pos) += size;
	return size;
}

/**
 * gfs2_readpages - Read a bunch of pages at once
 *
 * Some notes:
 * 1. This is only for readahead, so we can simply ignore any things
 *    which are slightly inconvenient (such as locking conflicts between
 *    the page lock and the glock) and return having done no I/O. Its
 *    obviously not something we'd want to do on too regular a basis.
 *    Any I/O we ignore at this time will be done via readpage later.
 * 2. We don't handle stuffed files here we let readpage do the honours.
 * 3. mpage_readpages() does most of the heavy lifting in the common case.
 * 4. gfs2_block_map() is relied upon to set BH_Boundary in the right places.
 */

static int gfs2_readpages(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
			  struct list_head *pages, unsigned nr_pages)
{
	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(inode);
	struct gfs2_holder gh;
	int ret;

	gfs2_holder_init(ip->i_gl, LM_ST_SHARED, 0, &gh);
	ret = gfs2_glock_nq(&gh);
	if (unlikely(ret))
		goto out_uninit;
	if (!gfs2_is_stuffed(ip))
		ret = mpage_readpages(mapping, pages, nr_pages, gfs2_block_map);
	gfs2_glock_dq(&gh);
out_uninit:
	gfs2_holder_uninit(&gh);
	if (unlikely(test_bit(SDF_SHUTDOWN, &sdp->sd_flags)))
		ret = -EIO;
	return ret;
}

/**
 * gfs2_write_begin - Begin to write to a file
 * @file: The file to write to
 * @mapping: The mapping in which to write
 * @pos: The file offset at which to start writing
 * @len: Length of the write
 * @flags: Various flags
 * @pagep: Pointer to return the page
 * @fsdata: Pointer to return fs data (unused by GFS2)
 *
 * Returns: errno
 */

static int gfs2_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
			    loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags,
			    struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
{
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(mapping->host);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(mapping->host);
	struct gfs2_inode *m_ip = GFS2_I(sdp->sd_statfs_inode);
	unsigned int data_blocks = 0, ind_blocks = 0, rblocks;
	unsigned requested = 0;
	int alloc_required;
	int error = 0;
	pgoff_t index = pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
	unsigned from = pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1);
	struct page *page;

	gfs2_holder_init(ip->i_gl, LM_ST_EXCLUSIVE, 0, &ip->i_gh);
	error = gfs2_glock_nq(&ip->i_gh);
	if (unlikely(error))
		goto out_uninit;
	if (&ip->i_inode == sdp->sd_rindex) {
		error = gfs2_glock_nq_init(m_ip->i_gl, LM_ST_EXCLUSIVE,
					   GL_NOCACHE, &m_ip->i_gh);
		if (unlikely(error)) {
			gfs2_glock_dq(&ip->i_gh);
			goto out_uninit;
		}
	}

	alloc_required = gfs2_write_alloc_required(ip, pos, len);

	if (alloc_required || gfs2_is_jdata(ip))
		gfs2_write_calc_reserv(ip, len, &data_blocks, &ind_blocks);

	if (alloc_required) {
		struct gfs2_alloc_parms ap = { .aflags = 0, };
		error = gfs2_quota_lock_check(ip);
		if (error)
			goto out_unlock;

		requested = data_blocks + ind_blocks;
		ap.target = requested;
		error = gfs2_inplace_reserve(ip, &ap);
		if (error)
			goto out_qunlock;
	}

	rblocks = RES_DINODE + ind_blocks;
	if (gfs2_is_jdata(ip))
		rblocks += data_blocks ? data_blocks : 1;
	if (ind_blocks || data_blocks)
		rblocks += RES_STATFS + RES_QUOTA;
	if (&ip->i_inode == sdp->sd_rindex)
		rblocks += 2 * RES_STATFS;
	if (alloc_required)
		rblocks += gfs2_rg_blocks(ip, requested);

	error = gfs2_trans_begin(sdp, rblocks,
				 PAGE_CACHE_SIZE/sdp->sd_sb.sb_bsize);
	if (error)
		goto out_trans_fail;

	error = -ENOMEM;
	flags |= AOP_FLAG_NOFS;
	page = grab_cache_page_write_begin(mapping, index, flags);
	*pagep = page;
	if (unlikely(!page))
		goto out_endtrans;

	if (gfs2_is_stuffed(ip)) {
		error = 0;
		if (pos + len > sdp->sd_sb.sb_bsize - sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode)) {
			error = gfs2_unstuff_dinode(ip, page);
			if (error == 0)
				goto prepare_write;
		} else if (!PageUptodate(page)) {
			error = stuffed_readpage(ip, page);
		}
		goto out;
	}

prepare_write:
	error = __block_write_begin(page, from, len, gfs2_block_map);
out:
	if (error == 0)
		return 0;

	unlock_page(page);
	page_cache_release(page);

	gfs2_trans_end(sdp);
	if (pos + len > ip->i_inode.i_size)
		gfs2_trim_blocks(&ip->i_inode);
	goto out_trans_fail;

out_endtrans:
	gfs2_trans_end(sdp);
out_trans_fail:
	if (alloc_required) {
		gfs2_inplace_release(ip);
out_qunlock:
		gfs2_quota_unlock(ip);
	}
out_unlock:
	if (&ip->i_inode == sdp->sd_rindex) {
		gfs2_glock_dq(&m_ip->i_gh);
		gfs2_holder_uninit(&m_ip->i_gh);
	}
	gfs2_glock_dq(&ip->i_gh);
out_uninit:
	gfs2_holder_uninit(&ip->i_gh);
	return error;
}

/**
 * adjust_fs_space - Adjusts the free space available due to gfs2_grow
 * @inode: the rindex inode
 */
static void adjust_fs_space(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
	struct gfs2_inode *m_ip = GFS2_I(sdp->sd_statfs_inode);
	struct gfs2_inode *l_ip = GFS2_I(sdp->sd_sc_inode);
	struct gfs2_statfs_change_host *m_sc = &sdp->sd_statfs_master;
	struct gfs2_statfs_change_host *l_sc = &sdp->sd_statfs_local;
	struct buffer_head *m_bh, *l_bh;
	u64 fs_total, new_free;

	/* Total up the file system space, according to the latest rindex. */
	fs_total = gfs2_ri_total(sdp);
	if (gfs2_meta_inode_buffer(m_ip, &m_bh) != 0)
		return;

	spin_lock(&sdp->sd_statfs_spin);
	gfs2_statfs_change_in(m_sc, m_bh->b_data +
			      sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode));
	if (fs_total > (m_sc->sc_total + l_sc->sc_total))
		new_free = fs_total - (m_sc->sc_total + l_sc->sc_total);
	else
		new_free = 0;
	spin_unlock(&sdp->sd_statfs_spin);
	fs_warn(sdp, "File system extended by %llu blocks.\n",
		(unsigned long long)new_free);
	gfs2_statfs_change(sdp, new_free, new_free, 0);

	if (gfs2_meta_inode_buffer(l_ip, &l_bh) != 0)
		goto out;
	update_statfs(sdp, m_bh, l_bh);
	brelse(l_bh);
out:
	brelse(m_bh);
}

/**
 * gfs2_stuffed_write_end - Write end for stuffed files
 * @inode: The inode
 * @dibh: The buffer_head containing the on-disk inode
 * @pos: The file position
 * @len: The length of the write
 * @copied: How much was actually copied by the VFS
 * @page: The page
 *
 * This copies the data from the page into the inode block after
 * the inode data structure itself.
 *
 * Returns: errno
 */
static int gfs2_stuffed_write_end(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *dibh,
				  loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
				  struct page *page)
{
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(inode);
	struct gfs2_inode *m_ip = GFS2_I(sdp->sd_statfs_inode);
	u64 to = pos + copied;
	void *kaddr;
	unsigned char *buf = dibh->b_data + sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode);

	BUG_ON((pos + len) > (dibh->b_size - sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode)));
	kaddr = kmap_atomic(page);
	memcpy(buf + pos, kaddr + pos, copied);
	memset(kaddr + pos + copied, 0, len - copied);
	flush_dcache_page(page);
	kunmap_atomic(kaddr);

	if (!PageUptodate(page))
		SetPageUptodate(page);
	unlock_page(page);
	page_cache_release(page);

	if (copied) {
		if (inode->i_size < to)
			i_size_write(inode, to);
		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
	}

	if (inode == sdp->sd_rindex) {
		adjust_fs_space(inode);
		sdp->sd_rindex_uptodate = 0;
	}

	brelse(dibh);
	gfs2_trans_end(sdp);
	if (inode == sdp->sd_rindex) {
		gfs2_glock_dq(&m_ip->i_gh);
		gfs2_holder_uninit(&m_ip->i_gh);
	}
	gfs2_glock_dq(&ip->i_gh);
	gfs2_holder_uninit(&ip->i_gh);
	return copied;
}

/**
 * gfs2_write_end
 * @file: The file to write to
 * @mapping: The address space to write to
 * @pos: The file position
 * @len: The length of the data
 * @copied:
 * @page: The page that has been written
 * @fsdata: The fsdata (unused in GFS2)
 *
 * The main write_end function for GFS2. We have a separate one for
 * stuffed files as they are slightly different, otherwise we just
 * put our locking around the VFS provided functions.
 *
 * Returns: errno
 */

static int gfs2_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
			  loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
			  struct page *page, void *fsdata)
{
	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(inode);
	struct gfs2_inode *m_ip = GFS2_I(sdp->sd_statfs_inode);
	struct buffer_head *dibh;
	unsigned int from = pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1);
	unsigned int to = from + len;
	int ret;
	struct gfs2_trans *tr = current->journal_info;
	BUG_ON(!tr);

	BUG_ON(gfs2_glock_is_locked_by_me(ip->i_gl) == NULL);

	ret = gfs2_meta_inode_buffer(ip, &dibh);
	if (unlikely(ret)) {
		unlock_page(page);
		page_cache_release(page);
		goto failed;
	}

	if (gfs2_is_stuffed(ip))
		return gfs2_stuffed_write_end(inode, dibh, pos, len, copied, page);

	if (!gfs2_is_writeback(ip))
		gfs2_page_add_databufs(ip, page, from, to);

	ret = generic_write_end(file, mapping, pos, len, copied, page, fsdata);
	if (tr->tr_num_buf_new)
		__mark_inode_dirty(inode, I_DIRTY_DATASYNC);
	else
		gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, dibh);


	if (inode == sdp->sd_rindex) {
		adjust_fs_space(inode);
		sdp->sd_rindex_uptodate = 0;
	}

	brelse(dibh);
failed:
	gfs2_trans_end(sdp);
	gfs2_inplace_release(ip);
	if (ip->i_res->rs_qa_qd_num)
		gfs2_quota_unlock(ip);
	if (inode == sdp->sd_rindex) {
		gfs2_glock_dq(&m_ip->i_gh);
		gfs2_holder_uninit(&m_ip->i_gh);
	}
	gfs2_glock_dq(&ip->i_gh);
	gfs2_holder_uninit(&ip->i_gh);
	return ret;
}

/**
 * gfs2_set_page_dirty - Page dirtying function
 * @page: The page to dirty
 *
 * Returns: 1 if it dirtyed the page, or 0 otherwise
 */
 
static int gfs2_set_page_dirty(struct page *page)
{
	SetPageChecked(page);
	return __set_page_dirty_buffers(page);
}

/**
 * gfs2_bmap - Block map function
 * @mapping: Address space info
 * @lblock: The block to map
 *
 * Returns: The disk address for the block or 0 on hole or error
 */

static sector_t gfs2_bmap(struct address_space *mapping, sector_t lblock)
{
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(mapping->host);
	struct gfs2_holder i_gh;
	sector_t dblock = 0;
	int error;

	error = gfs2_glock_nq_init(ip->i_gl, LM_ST_SHARED, LM_FLAG_ANY, &i_gh);
	if (error)
		return 0;

	if (!gfs2_is_stuffed(ip))
		dblock = generic_block_bmap(mapping, lblock, gfs2_block_map);

	gfs2_glock_dq_uninit(&i_gh);

	return dblock;
}

static void gfs2_discard(struct gfs2_sbd *sdp, struct buffer_head *bh)
{
	struct gfs2_bufdata *bd;

	lock_buffer(bh);
	gfs2_log_lock(sdp);
	clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
	bd = bh->b_private;
	if (bd) {
		if (!list_empty(&bd->bd_list) && !buffer_pinned(bh))
			list_del_init(&bd->bd_list);
		else
			gfs2_remove_from_journal(bh, current->journal_info, 0);
	}
	bh->b_bdev = NULL;
	clear_buffer_mapped(bh);
	clear_buffer_req(bh);
	clear_buffer_new(bh);
	gfs2_log_unlock(sdp);
	unlock_buffer(bh);
}

static void gfs2_invalidatepage(struct page *page, unsigned int offset,
				unsigned int length)
{
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = GFS2_SB(page->mapping->host);
	unsigned int stop = offset + length;
	int partial_page = (offset || length < PAGE_CACHE_SIZE);
	struct buffer_head *bh, *head;
	unsigned long pos = 0;

	BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
	if (!partial_page)
		ClearPageChecked(page);
	if (!page_has_buffers(page))
		goto out;

	bh = head = page_buffers(page);
	do {
		if (pos + bh->b_size > stop)
			return;

		if (offset <= pos)
			gfs2_discard(sdp, bh);
		pos += bh->b_size;
		bh = bh->b_this_page;
	} while (bh != head);
out:
	if (!partial_page)
		try_to_release_page(page, 0);
}

/**
 * gfs2_ok_for_dio - check that dio is valid on this file
 * @ip: The inode
 * @rw: READ or WRITE
 * @offset: The offset at which we are reading or writing
 *
 * Returns: 0 (to ignore the i/o request and thus fall back to buffered i/o)
 *          1 (to accept the i/o request)
 */
static int gfs2_ok_for_dio(struct gfs2_inode *ip, int rw, loff_t offset)
{
	/*
	 * Should we return an error here? I can't see that O_DIRECT for
	 * a stuffed file makes any sense. For now we'll silently fall
	 * back to buffered I/O
	 */
	if (gfs2_is_stuffed(ip))
		return 0;

	if (offset >= i_size_read(&ip->i_inode))
		return 0;
	return 1;
}



static ssize_t gfs2_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb,
			      const struct iovec *iov, loff_t offset,
			      unsigned long nr_segs)
{
	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
	struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);
	struct gfs2_holder gh;
	int rv;

	/*
	 * Deferred lock, even if its a write, since we do no allocation
	 * on this path. All we need change is atime, and this lock mode
	 * ensures that other nodes have flushed their buffered read caches
	 * (i.e. their page cache entries for this inode). We do not,
	 * unfortunately have the option of only flushing a range like
	 * the VFS does.
	 */
	gfs2_holder_init(ip->i_gl, LM_ST_DEFERRED, 0, &gh);
	rv = gfs2_glock_nq(&gh);
	if (rv)
		return rv;
	rv = gfs2_ok_for_dio(ip, rw, offset);
	if (rv != 1)
		goto out; /* dio not valid, fall back to buffered i/o */

	/*
	 * Now since we are holding a deferred (CW) lock at this point, you
	 * might be wondering why this is ever needed. There is a case however
	 * where we've granted a deferred local lock against a cached exclusive
	 * glock. That is ok provided all granted local locks are deferred, but
	 * it also means that it is possible to encounter pages which are
	 * cached and possibly also mapped. So here we check for that and sort
	 * them out ahead of the dio. The glock state machine will take care of
	 * everything else.
	 *
	 * If in fact the cached glock state (gl->gl_state) is deferred (CW) in
	 * the first place, mapping->nr_pages will always be zero.
	 */
	if (mapping->nrpages) {
		loff_t lstart = offset & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1);
		loff_t len = iov_length(iov, nr_segs);
		loff_t end = PAGE_ALIGN(offset + len) - 1;

		rv = 0;
		if (len == 0)
			goto out;
		if (test_and_clear_bit(GIF_SW_PAGED, &ip->i_flags))
			unmap_shared_mapping_range(ip->i_inode.i_mapping, offset, len);
		rv = filemap_write_and_wait_range(mapping, lstart, end);
		if (rv)
			goto out;
		if (rw == WRITE)
			truncate_inode_pages_range(mapping, lstart, end);
	}

	rv = __blockdev_direct_IO(rw, iocb, inode, inode->i_sb->s_bdev, iov,
				  offset, nr_segs, gfs2_get_block_direct,
				  NULL, NULL, 0);
out:
	gfs2_glock_dq(&gh);
	gfs2_holder_uninit(&gh);
	return rv;
}

/**
 * gfs2_releasepage - free the metadata associated with a page
 * @page: the page that's being released
 * @gfp_mask: passed from Linux VFS, ignored by us
 *
 * Call try_to_free_buffers() if the buffers in this page can be
 * released.
 *
 * Returns: 0
 */

int gfs2_releasepage(struct page *page, gfp_t gfp_mask)
{
	struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
	struct gfs2_sbd *sdp = gfs2_mapping2sbd(mapping);
	struct buffer_head *bh, *head;
	struct gfs2_bufdata *bd;

	if (!page_has_buffers(page))
		return 0;

	gfs2_log_lock(sdp);
	spin_lock(&sdp->sd_ail_lock);
	head = bh = page_buffers(page);
	do {
		if (atomic_read(&bh->b_count))
			goto cannot_release;
		bd = bh->b_private;
		if (bd && bd->bd_tr)
			goto cannot_release;
		if (buffer_pinned(bh) || buffer_dirty(bh))
			goto not_possible;
		bh = bh->b_this_page;
	} while(bh != head);
	spin_unlock(&sdp->sd_ail_lock);

	head = bh = page_buffers(page);
	do {
		bd = bh->b_private;
		if (bd) {
			gfs2_assert_warn(sdp, bd->bd_bh == bh);
			if (!list_empty(&bd->bd_list))
				list_del_init(&bd->bd_list);
			bd->bd_bh = NULL;
			bh->b_private = NULL;
			kmem_cache_free(gfs2_bufdata_cachep, bd);
		}

		bh = bh->b_this_page;
	} while (bh != head);
	gfs2_log_unlock(sdp);

	return try_to_free_buffers(page);

not_possible: /* Should never happen */
	WARN_ON(buffer_dirty(bh));
	WARN_ON(buffer_pinned(bh));
cannot_release:
	spin_unlock(&sdp->sd_ail_lock);
	gfs2_log_unlock(sdp);
	return 0;
}

static const struct address_space_operations gfs2_writeback_aops = {
	.writepage = gfs2_writepage,
	.writepages = gfs2_writepages,
	.readpage = gfs2_readpage,
	.readpages = gfs2_readpages,
	.write_begin = gfs2_write_begin,
	.write_end = gfs2_write_end,
	.bmap = gfs2_bmap,
	.invalidatepage = gfs2_invalidatepage,
	.releasepage = gfs2_releasepage,
	.direct_IO = gfs2_direct_IO,
	.migratepage = buffer_migrate_page,
	.is_partially_uptodate = block_is_partially_uptodate,
	.error_remove_page = generic_error_remove_page,
};

static const struct address_space_operations gfs2_ordered_aops = {
	.writepage = gfs2_writepage,
	.writepages = gfs2_writepages,
	.readpage = gfs2_readpage,
	.readpages = gfs2_readpages,
	.write_begin = gfs2_write_begin,
	.write_end = gfs2_write_end,
	.set_page_dirty = gfs2_set_page_dirty,
	.bmap = gfs2_bmap,
	.invalidatepage = gfs2_invalidatepage,
	.releasepage = gfs2_releasepage,
	.direct_IO = gfs2_direct_IO,
	.migratepage = buffer_migrate_page,
	.is_partially_uptodate = block_is_partially_uptodate,
	.error_remove_page = generic_error_remove_page,
};

static const struct address_space_operations gfs2_jdata_aops = {
	.writepage = gfs2_jdata_writepage,
	.writepages = gfs2_jdata_writepages,
	.readpage = gfs2_readpage,
	.readpages = gfs2_readpages,
	.write_begin = gfs2_write_begin,
	.write_end = gfs2_write_end,
	.set_page_dirty = gfs2_set_page_dirty,
	.bmap = gfs2_bmap,
	.invalidatepage = gfs2_invalidatepage,
	.releasepage = gfs2_releasepage,
	.is_partially_uptodate = block_is_partially_uptodate,
	.error_remove_page = generic_error_remove_page,
};

void gfs2_set_aops(struct inode *inode)
{
	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);

	if (gfs2_is_writeback(ip))
		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &gfs2_writeback_aops;
	else if (gfs2_is_ordered(ip))
		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &gfs2_ordered_aops;
	else if (gfs2_is_jdata(ip))
		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &gfs2_jdata_aops;
	else
		BUG();
}